Ebony RW45
since: 2018/02/14
update: 2018/04/12
reference:
1. catalog-ebony.pdf
2. User Guide for Ebony Camera, Free Instruction Manual
3. 傳統與特殊相機 - ▇ 4x5開箱 ▇ 讓我等到地老天荒 EBONY SV45U2
4. 4x5相機 初體驗 @ 阿光不在家 :: 隨意窩 Xuite日誌
5. 我與大畫幅相機有個約會，Ebony SV45u2 分享 | 香港矽谷
6. Ebony GP69F- 藝品 X 逸品，中大片幅的終極器材
7. 一个摄影师终极选择EBONY 45S – FOTOMEN
8. Ebony SV45U : a review
9. Large Format Cameras: Ebony SV45U
10. Ebony SV45U2 - 4x5 - Large Format Camera Review
11. View Camera:: the Journal of Large-Format Photography
12. Getting Started in Large Format Photography
13. Metering the Large Format Photograph
14. 4x5 large format photography
15. Large Format Lenses, 2nd Ed
16. Copal shutters specifications and dimensions
17. A Step by Step Guide to Using your Large Format Camera for the First Time
18. Large Format Photography: Ebony RW45 First Impressions
19. YouTube: Rotating the back of the Ebony SV45
20. YouTube: An Introduction to Large Format Camera Systems
21. YouTube: Proper way to setup the Ebony SV45TE camera
22. Large Format Cameras: Ebony RW45
23. 焦点距離等計算器
24. 一篇關45的翻譯文章還不錯喔 @ 保羅基督教網
25. 大畫幅鏡頭結構成像特點及其選擇 @ 保羅基督教網
26. 蔡司為林哈夫特選的幾隻鏡頭 @ 保羅基督教網
27. 4*5相機鏡頭深入研究 @ 保羅基督教網
28. 4x5的高質素攝影鏡頭 @ 保羅基督教網
29. Angulon vs Super Symmar XL
30. Photographic Madness, and others
31. Large Format Lens TESTS
32. Schneider Optics
33. Super Angulon 72mm on Ebony RW45? | Photo.net Photography Forums
34. Shooting Portraits with a Large Format Camera for the First Time
35. Evaluating Your Needs for Larger Formats
36. still life
37. 1x - Magazine - The View Camera: the ultimate photographic tool
38. YouTube: 72. Large Format lenses - Part 1 - YouTube
39. YouTube: 11. How to Mount a View Camera Lens - YouTube
40. YouTube: Mounting a large format lens with a Copal 3 shutter - YouTube
41. YouTube: Holgamods Day-Lite 4x5 Sheet Film Processing Tubes
42. 6x9cm View Cameras – Specification Chart
43. Ebony RW45 with 55 mm Apo-Grandagon
44. Bruces Cameras and Estate Pipes EBONY-4x5-CAMERAS
45. LFindexcards.pdf
EBONY 45 Ti 4x5 Camera "Nihon Syashinka Renmei" MODEL RW45
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Ebony states that when using lenses wider than 75mm, you must raise the front lensboard and tilt it back. This operation allows the front board and lens to move closer to the film plane. The design of the rear swing locking mechanisms prohibit the front standard from moving far enough back when in the normal position. Once understood, the procedure adds roughly 15 seconds to the setup time. In addition, the user's guide states that "When using the universal or wide angle bellows, wide-angle lenses can be used without drop bed." In practice, I have not encountered any vignetting from the camera flatbed with lenses as wide as 58mm.
烏木說，使用寬度超過75毫米的鏡頭時，您必須抬起前面的鏡板並將其向後傾斜。 此操作可使前面板和鏡頭靠近膠片平面。 後擺動鎖定機構的設計禁止前標準件在正常位置時向後移動得足夠遠。 一旦理解，該程序將大約增加15秒到建立時間。 此外，用戶指南還指出：“當使用通用或廣角波紋管時，廣角鏡頭可以不使用落地式床。” 在實際操作中，我沒有遇到鏡頭寬度為58mm的平板相機的任何漸暈。
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subject (主題)
If you will be seriously photographing architectural or table top subjects, you want a camera that has at least the following movements-front and rear tilt, front and rear swing, and front rise and fall.
如果您要認真拍攝建築或桌面主題，您需要至少具有以下動作的攝像機 - 前後傾斜，前後擺動，前後上升和下降。
If landscape is your preferred subject, then you want at least front swing and tilt and back tilt.
如果風景是你喜歡的主題，那麼你至少希望前擺，前傾和後傾。
If studio portraiture is your subject, the movement requirements are the same as the landscape requirements.
如果工作室肖像是您的主題，則移動要求與景觀要求相同.
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in large format you should first decide on the range of lenses you want to use and then select the camera body that will accommodate them. Because of their design and bellows extension capabilities, some cameras are more suitable for longer lenses, others more suitable for shorter lenses, and others for a mid-range set of lenses. To begin selecting a range of lenses, you should take your favorite 35mm lenses and multiply them by a factor of three to determine a rough equivalent for the 4x5 format. (Remember, there are no zoom lenses available for large format.)
在大幅面上，您應該首先確定要使用的鏡頭範圍，然後選擇相機機身容納他們。由於它們的設計和波紋管延伸能力，一些相機更適合更長的鏡頭，其他更適合較短的鏡頭，而另一些則適合中檔鏡頭。要開始選擇一系列鏡頭，您應該選擇您最喜愛的35毫米鏡頭並將它們乘以三倍，以確定4x5格式的粗略等效值。 （請記住，沒有適用於大幅面的變焦鏡頭。）
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I recommend selecting a camera body with a bellows extension capability at least 25% longer than the longest lens you want to use (50% longer is actually better). By having a bellows that is longer than your longest lens, you can focus on objects that are closer than infinity, which is generally considered to be 200 times the focal length of the lens;
我建議選擇波紋管延伸功能的相機機身，比您想要使用的最長鏡頭至少長25％（實際上長50％更好）。通過比最長鏡頭長的波紋管，您可以將焦點對準比無限遠的物體，這通常被認為是鏡頭焦距的200倍
if you want to use a 300mm/12" lens, which is twice the normal focal length for the 4x5 format, I recommend a camera with a bellows at least 400mm/16" long.
如果您想使用300mm / 12英寸的鏡頭，這是4x5格式正常焦距的兩倍，我推薦使用長度至少為400毫米/ 16英寸的波紋管的相機.
If you will be using extreme wide angle lenses, 65mm and shorter, then ensure that the camera can be used with these very short lenses and easily focused.
如果您將使用65毫米及更短的超廣角鏡頭，請確保相機可以使用這些非常短的鏡頭並輕鬆聚焦。
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Lensboards for most cameras are usually available in two varieties: Flat and recessed. The flat lensboards are used with lenses in the normal and long focal length ranges. Recessed boards are designed for use with wide angle lenses when a camera's front and rear standards cannot be moved close enough to focus the wide angle lens when using a flat lensboard. They help bring the rear element of the lens closer to the film plane, and, combined with a very flexible bag bellows, make it possible for the photographer to take advantage of the lens's full range of movements. Recessed boards are usually more expensive than flat lensboards.
絕大多數照相機的配套鏡頭板都有兩種型號，即平板和凹板。平板一般用於標準和長焦鏡頭，凹板則用於廣角鏡頭。之所以使用凹板是為了使後組鏡片更接近於膠片平面，配合柔軟的皮腔可以將鏡頭的移動調節功能發揮到極致。通常情況下凹板的價格要比平板貴許多。
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For a landscape theme, maybe also for still life close-up work, the one standards adjustment that I find most useful and important is the ability to have everything in focus right from the foreground underneath the lens all the way to infinity. That adjustment is done by tilting the front standard forward.
對於景觀主題，也許對於靜物特寫工作來說，我認為最有用也是最重要的一項標準調整就是能夠將鏡頭下的前景一直聚焦到無窮遠處。 這種調整是通過向前傾斜前面的標準來完成的。
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Choose a dark area where you will want to show detail on the finished photograph. Then move the spot meter to a highlight area of choice and calculate the difference between the two readings.
選擇一個黑暗的地方，您將在完成的照片上顯示細節。然後將點測光計移動到選定的高光區域併計算兩個讀數之間的差異。
If there is more then five stop, then it will be a high contrast image , and you will underdevelop your negative to compress the scale. (30% less time than standard development time for each additional zone apart.) If there is less contrast, overdevelop.
如果超過 5 個 stop，那麼這將是一個高對比度的圖像，你需要對負片作顯影比例的壓縮。（每個額外的區域比標准顯影時間少30％）。 如果對比度較低，則過度顯影。
A. 相關圖示
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B. 鏡頭(建議: 90mm ~ 300mm)
將4x5的焦段除以三的數字，大約就是等同135片幅焦距。
4x5的最小影像圈(Image Circle): 165mm。
老式鏡頭: 廣角(90mm以下)為0號快門.
標準鏡頭(135mm至210mm)為1號快門.
240mm以 上的鏡頭為3號快門.
新式鏡頭: 150mm以下的鏡頭為0號快門.
180mm和210mm鏡頭為1號快門.
240mm以上的鏡頭為3號快門.
Schneider Super Angulon XL 系列, 鏡頭的像場是最大的。
Schneider Super Symmar XL 系列鏡頭以其採用了非球面鏡片而聞名。
近攝鏡頭:
這一鏡頭由於採用了新的鏡片而增加了鏡頭邊緣的解像力, 施耐德的
Super Symmar High Modulation 就是這樣的鏡頭。
ex: Schneider Super Symmar HM 120mm F5.6 lens in Copal #0 (F5.6 ~ F64)
靜物:
Schneider 210mm f/5.6
older model: Symmar
newer model: Symmar S
more newer model: APO Symmar
newest model: Symmar L
1. Schneider Super Angulon 72mm XL: (濾鏡: 95mm)
一隻最適合拍攝建築的廣角, 可以最大限度移動, 用於4X5相機上的鏡頭應該是
施耐德的 Super Angulon 72mm XL. 鏡頭的焦距相當於135相機 20mm.
涵蓋面是 226mm, 攝影師可以上下左右移動 27mm. 這在建築攝影中已足夠了。
備註: 若未使用特製的 #4b center filter, 建議光圈為 f22.
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I've been using a 72XL on an RW45 a fair bit recently and it works fine on a
standard board. It's a bit tight when cranking up the movements but does work.
Just remember to drop the bed, othewise you will end up with a nice picture of
the front of the camera on the bottom edge of your frame..
我最近在RW45上使用了72XL，在標準板上工作得很好。當開始動作有點緊,
但確實奏效。只要只記得放下床板，否則，你最終會在相機前方底部的邊緣拍攝
到一張很好的照片。
Schneider 72mm f/5.6 overview
The Schneider 72mm f/5.6 Super-Angulon XL Lens is a long-time professional's favorite for use as a wide angle lens for the 4x5 format. It provides an angle of view on 4x5 which is similar to a 19mm lens in the 35mm format, but with a very large image circle to allow creative control for the photographer-in fact, it has the largest image circle of any 72mm large format lens. The Super-Angulon XL lenses have extremely high correction of distortion, which is critical in architectural photography. Beyond the coverage, the lens' large f/5.6 maximum aperture helps to ease the difficulty of focusing the camera in poor light.
2. Schneider Super Symmar XL 110mm f/5.6:
許多攝影師兵器庫中的 "至愛"
3. Schneider Apo-Symmar 210mm F/5.6 L:
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C. EBONY RW45 INTRODUCTION:
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D. EBONY RW45 USER'S GUIDE:
PART NAMES: (部件名稱)
3. Alignment points indicating 對齊點指示
(front rise/fall zero position 前置 上升/下降 零位)
4. Lensboard slot 鏡頭板插槽
5. Hand strap 手腕帶
6. Sliding latch for lensboard 用於鏡頭板的滑動閂鎖
7. Front swing locking lever 前置擺動鎖定桿
(show in locked position 顯示在鎖定位置)
8. Focus lock knob 對焦鎖定旋鈕
9. Focus lock knob 對焦鎖定旋鈕
10. Camera bed 相機底座
11. Latch pin 鎖銷
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12. Film holder back 膠片持有背
13. Spring tab for focusing screen 用於調焦屏幕的彈簧標籤
14. Rear swing lock knob 後置擺動鎖定旋鈕
(one on each side 每邊一個)
15. Focusing frame release lever 對焦框釋放桿
16. Release latch for film holder back 膠片持有背的釋放閂鎖
17. Sliding latch for roll film holder 用於捲片夾的滑動閂鎖
18. Focusing frame 聚焦框架
19. Focusing screen 聚焦屏幕
20. Sliding latch for focusing hood 用於聚焦罩的滑動閂鎖
21. Tripod mounting plate 三腳架安裝板
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22. Rear standard 後置標準
23. Rear center tilts knob 後置中心傾斜旋鈕
24. Rear base tilts knob 後置基座傾斜旋鈕
25. Rear base tilts arm 後置基座傾斜手臂
26. Focusing knob 調焦旋鈕
27. Latch to secure folded camera 折疊相機的保險閂鎖
28. Bellows 波紋管 (蛇腹, 皮腔, 伸縮軟管)
29. Front rise/fall arm 前置 升/降 臂
30. Front rise/fall knob 前置 升/降 旋鈕
31. Front center tilts knob 前置中心傾斜旋鈕
32. Front base tilts knob 前置基座傾斜旋鈕
33. Front base tilts arm 前置基座傾斜手臂
34. Focusing knob 調焦旋鈕
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HOW TO ADJUST THE MOVEMENTS:
(a) Front Rise/Fall (前置 升/降)
Loosen knob 30, and while holding it raise or lower front standard.
鬆開旋鈕30，按住的同時升高或下降前置標準。
(b) Center Tilts (中心傾斜)
Front: Loosen knob 31, and holding lower part of front standard,
push forward or push back.
前置: 鬆開旋鈕31，並握住前置標準的下部，向前推或推回。
Rear: Loosen knob 23, and holding lower part of rear standard,
push forward or push back.
後置: 鬆開旋鈕23，並握住後置標準的下部，向前推或推回。
(c) Base Tilts (基座傾斜)
Front: Loosen knob 32, then release from notch in front base tilts arm(33).
前置: 鬆開旋鈕32，然後從前置基座傾斜手臂(33)的凹槽中釋放。
Rear: Loosen knob 24, then release from notch in rear base tilts arm(25).
後置: 鬆開旋鈕24，然後從後置基座傾斜手臂(25)的凹槽中釋放。
(d) Swings (搖擺)
Front: Unlock front locking lever(7), then swing front standard.
前置: 解鎖前置鎖定桿（7），然後擺動前置標準。
Rear: Unlock rear locking knobs(14), then swing rear standard.
後置: 解鎖後置鎖定旋鈕（14），然後擺動後置標準。
Points to remember: (要記住的要點)
(1) After making each adjustment, be sure to retighten the knobs or lever.
If two pairs of knobs are loose at the same time, particularly 23 and 24,
the camera becomes difficult to handle.
進行每次調整後，請務必擰緊旋鈕或手桿。
如果兩對旋鈕同時鬆動，特別是23和24，相機變得難以處理。
(2) Loosen lock knob 9 before using focusing knob 34,
and lock knob 8 before using focusing knob 26. Tighten again afterwards.
p.s. To install/remove focusing frame(18), pull focusing frame release lever(15).
在使用調焦旋鈕34之前鬆開鎖定旋鈕9, 並在使用調焦旋鈕26之前鎖定旋鈕8。
之後再擰緊。
備註: 要安裝/拆卸調焦架（18），請拉動調焦架釋放桿（15）
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For maximum extension use base and center tilts at front and back.
為了最大限度地延長, 使用基座和中心傾斜在前置和後置。
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OPENING AND CLOSING RW45 CAMERAS
Please follow these instructions to avoid damaging the bellows.
The procedure is easier if the camera is placed on a tripod.
請按照這些說明來避免損壞波紋管。
如果將相機放在三腳架上，步驟會更簡單。
To open: (打開)
1. Lock both rear swing lock knobs(14).
鎖定後置擺動鎖定旋鈕(14) ( 每邊一個)
2. Squeeze camera and release latch(27) from pin.
擠壓照相機並釋放保險閂鎖（27）
3. Pull up rear standard(22) until vertical.
Rear base tilts knobs(24) should enter notches in rear base tilts arms(25).
Tighten rear base tilts knobs(24).
拉起後置標準（22）直到垂直。
後置基座傾斜旋鈕（24）應進入後置基座的凹槽，使手臂（25）傾斜。
擰緊後置基座傾斜旋鈕（24）。
4. Pull up front standard(2) with front rise/fall knobs(30) until it reaches maximum rise.
用前置的上升/下降旋鈕（30）拉起前置的標準（2），直到達到最大上升。
5. Lower front standard(2) until point on right front rise/fall arm(29)
and point on right of front standard are aligned(rise/fall zero position)
降低前置標準（2）直至指向右邊前置 升/降 手臂（29）
與指向前置標準的右側是對齊的（上升/下降 零位 p.s. 紅點與金屬點）
6. Tighten front rise/fall knobs(30).
Front base tilts knobs(32) should enter notches in front base tilts arms(33).
Tighten front base tilts knobs(32).
擰緊前置上升/下降旋鈕（30）。
前置基座傾斜旋鈕（32）應該進入前置基座上的凹槽，使手臂（33）傾斜。
擰緊前置基座傾斜旋鈕（32）。
To close: (關閉)
1. Ensure that all movements are returned to zero position,
and front center tilts knobs(31) are tightened.
確保所有動作都返回到零位,
並且前置中心傾斜旋鈕（31）被擰緊。
2. Loosen front base tilts knobs(32), then front rise/fall knobs(30).
鬆開前置基座傾斜旋鈕（32），然後鬆開前置 上升/下降 旋鈕（30）。
3. Pull front standard(2) up to maximum rise with front rise/fall knobs(30).
使用前置 上升/下降 旋鈕（30）將前置標準（2）拉至最大上升。
4. Pull front standard(2) backwards using front rise/fall knobs(30).
While doing this ensure that front standard remains at maximum rise.
It will tilts towards the camera bed(10) as it compresses the bellows(28).
使用前置 上升/下降 旋鈕（30）向後拉前置標準（2）。
這樣做可以確保前置標准保持在最大上升。
當它壓縮波紋管（28）時，它會向相機底座（10）傾斜。
5. Push front standard(2) down until it almost touches camera bed(10).
Front base tilts arms(33) should rest comfortably between
front rize/fall arms(29) and front rise/fall knobs(30).
向下推前置標準（2），直至其幾乎接觸到相機底座（10）。
前置基座傾斜手臂（33）應當舒適地放置在
前置 升/降 手臂（29）和前置 升/降 旋鈕（30）之間。
6. Loosen rear base tilts knobs(24).
Free them from notches in rear base tilts arms(25).
Push camera body down into closed position.
鬆開後置傾基座斜旋鈕（24）。
將它們從後置基座傾斜手臂（25）上的凹槽中釋放。
將相機機身向下推入關閉位置。
7. Squeeze camera shut and secure latch(27) to pin.
擠壓相機, 關閉並鎖定保險閂鎖（27）。
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E. 其他:
Photography Equipment:
update: 2018/04/12
reference:
1. catalog-ebony.pdf
2. User Guide for Ebony Camera, Free Instruction Manual
3. 傳統與特殊相機 - ▇ 4x5開箱 ▇ 讓我等到地老天荒 EBONY SV45U2
4. 4x5相機 初體驗 @ 阿光不在家 :: 隨意窩 Xuite日誌
5. 我與大畫幅相機有個約會，Ebony SV45u2 分享 | 香港矽谷
6. Ebony GP69F- 藝品 X 逸品，中大片幅的終極器材
7. 一个摄影师终极选择EBONY 45S – FOTOMEN
8. Ebony SV45U : a review
9. Large Format Cameras: Ebony SV45U
10. Ebony SV45U2 - 4x5 - Large Format Camera Review
11. View Camera:: the Journal of Large-Format Photography
12. Getting Started in Large Format Photography
13. Metering the Large Format Photograph
14. 4x5 large format photography
15. Large Format Lenses, 2nd Ed
16. Copal shutters specifications and dimensions
17. A Step by Step Guide to Using your Large Format Camera for the First Time
18. Large Format Photography: Ebony RW45 First Impressions
19. YouTube: Rotating the back of the Ebony SV45
20. YouTube: An Introduction to Large Format Camera Systems
21. YouTube: Proper way to setup the Ebony SV45TE camera
22. Large Format Cameras: Ebony RW45
23. 焦点距離等計算器
24. 一篇關45的翻譯文章還不錯喔 @ 保羅基督教網
25. 大畫幅鏡頭結構成像特點及其選擇 @ 保羅基督教網
26. 蔡司為林哈夫特選的幾隻鏡頭 @ 保羅基督教網
27. 4*5相機鏡頭深入研究 @ 保羅基督教網
28. 4x5的高質素攝影鏡頭 @ 保羅基督教網
29. Angulon vs Super Symmar XL
30. Photographic Madness, and others
31. Large Format Lens TESTS
32. Schneider Optics
33. Super Angulon 72mm on Ebony RW45? | Photo.net Photography Forums
34. Shooting Portraits with a Large Format Camera for the First Time
35. Evaluating Your Needs for Larger Formats
36. still life
37. 1x - Magazine - The View Camera: the ultimate photographic tool
38. YouTube: 72. Large Format lenses - Part 1 - YouTube
39. YouTube: 11. How to Mount a View Camera Lens - YouTube
40. YouTube: Mounting a large format lens with a Copal 3 shutter - YouTube
41. YouTube: Holgamods Day-Lite 4x5 Sheet Film Processing Tubes
42. 6x9cm View Cameras – Specification Chart
43. Ebony RW45 with 55 mm Apo-Grandagon
44. Bruces Cameras and Estate Pipes EBONY-4x5-CAMERAS
45. LFindexcards.pdf
EBONY 45 Ti 4x5 Camera "Nihon Syashinka Renmei" MODEL RW45
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Ebony states that when using lenses wider than 75mm, you must raise the front lensboard and tilt it back. This operation allows the front board and lens to move closer to the film plane. The design of the rear swing locking mechanisms prohibit the front standard from moving far enough back when in the normal position. Once understood, the procedure adds roughly 15 seconds to the setup time. In addition, the user's guide states that "When using the universal or wide angle bellows, wide-angle lenses can be used without drop bed." In practice, I have not encountered any vignetting from the camera flatbed with lenses as wide as 58mm.
烏木說，使用寬度超過75毫米的鏡頭時，您必須抬起前面的鏡板並將其向後傾斜。 此操作可使前面板和鏡頭靠近膠片平面。 後擺動鎖定機構的設計禁止前標準件在正常位置時向後移動得足夠遠。 一旦理解，該程序將大約增加15秒到建立時間。 此外，用戶指南還指出：“當使用通用或廣角波紋管時，廣角鏡頭可以不使用落地式床。” 在實際操作中，我沒有遇到鏡頭寬度為58mm的平板相機的任何漸暈。
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subject (主題)
If you will be seriously photographing architectural or table top subjects, you want a camera that has at least the following movements-front and rear tilt, front and rear swing, and front rise and fall.
如果您要認真拍攝建築或桌面主題，您需要至少具有以下動作的攝像機 - 前後傾斜，前後擺動，前後上升和下降。
If landscape is your preferred subject, then you want at least front swing and tilt and back tilt.
如果風景是你喜歡的主題，那麼你至少希望前擺，前傾和後傾。
If studio portraiture is your subject, the movement requirements are the same as the landscape requirements.
如果工作室肖像是您的主題，則移動要求與景觀要求相同.
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in large format you should first decide on the range of lenses you want to use and then select the camera body that will accommodate them. Because of their design and bellows extension capabilities, some cameras are more suitable for longer lenses, others more suitable for shorter lenses, and others for a mid-range set of lenses. To begin selecting a range of lenses, you should take your favorite 35mm lenses and multiply them by a factor of three to determine a rough equivalent for the 4x5 format. (Remember, there are no zoom lenses available for large format.)
在大幅面上，您應該首先確定要使用的鏡頭範圍，然後選擇相機機身容納他們。由於它們的設計和波紋管延伸能力，一些相機更適合更長的鏡頭，其他更適合較短的鏡頭，而另一些則適合中檔鏡頭。要開始選擇一系列鏡頭，您應該選擇您最喜愛的35毫米鏡頭並將它們乘以三倍，以確定4x5格式的粗略等效值。 （請記住，沒有適用於大幅面的變焦鏡頭。）
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I recommend selecting a camera body with a bellows extension capability at least 25% longer than the longest lens you want to use (50% longer is actually better). By having a bellows that is longer than your longest lens, you can focus on objects that are closer than infinity, which is generally considered to be 200 times the focal length of the lens;
我建議選擇波紋管延伸功能的相機機身，比您想要使用的最長鏡頭至少長25％（實際上長50％更好）。通過比最長鏡頭長的波紋管，您可以將焦點對準比無限遠的物體，這通常被認為是鏡頭焦距的200倍
if you want to use a 300mm/12" lens, which is twice the normal focal length for the 4x5 format, I recommend a camera with a bellows at least 400mm/16" long.
如果您想使用300mm / 12英寸的鏡頭，這是4x5格式正常焦距的兩倍，我推薦使用長度至少為400毫米/ 16英寸的波紋管的相機.
If you will be using extreme wide angle lenses, 65mm and shorter, then ensure that the camera can be used with these very short lenses and easily focused.
如果您將使用65毫米及更短的超廣角鏡頭，請確保相機可以使用這些非常短的鏡頭並輕鬆聚焦。
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Lensboards for most cameras are usually available in two varieties: Flat and recessed. The flat lensboards are used with lenses in the normal and long focal length ranges. Recessed boards are designed for use with wide angle lenses when a camera's front and rear standards cannot be moved close enough to focus the wide angle lens when using a flat lensboard. They help bring the rear element of the lens closer to the film plane, and, combined with a very flexible bag bellows, make it possible for the photographer to take advantage of the lens's full range of movements. Recessed boards are usually more expensive than flat lensboards.
絕大多數照相機的配套鏡頭板都有兩種型號，即平板和凹板。平板一般用於標準和長焦鏡頭，凹板則用於廣角鏡頭。之所以使用凹板是為了使後組鏡片更接近於膠片平面，配合柔軟的皮腔可以將鏡頭的移動調節功能發揮到極致。通常情況下凹板的價格要比平板貴許多。
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For a landscape theme, maybe also for still life close-up work, the one standards adjustment that I find most useful and important is the ability to have everything in focus right from the foreground underneath the lens all the way to infinity. That adjustment is done by tilting the front standard forward.
對於景觀主題，也許對於靜物特寫工作來說，我認為最有用也是最重要的一項標準調整就是能夠將鏡頭下的前景一直聚焦到無窮遠處。 這種調整是通過向前傾斜前面的標準來完成的。
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Choose a dark area where you will want to show detail on the finished photograph. Then move the spot meter to a highlight area of choice and calculate the difference between the two readings.
選擇一個黑暗的地方，您將在完成的照片上顯示細節。然後將點測光計移動到選定的高光區域併計算兩個讀數之間的差異。
If there is more then five stop, then it will be a high contrast image , and you will underdevelop your negative to compress the scale. (30% less time than standard development time for each additional zone apart.) If there is less contrast, overdevelop.
如果超過 5 個 stop，那麼這將是一個高對比度的圖像，你需要對負片作顯影比例的壓縮。（每個額外的區域比標准顯影時間少30％）。 如果對比度較低，則過度顯影。
B. 鏡頭(建議: 90mm ~ 300mm)
將4x5的焦段除以三的數字，大約就是等同135片幅焦距。
4x5的最小影像圈(Image Circle): 165mm。
老式鏡頭: 廣角(90mm以下)為0號快門.
標準鏡頭(135mm至210mm)為1號快門.
240mm以 上的鏡頭為3號快門.
新式鏡頭: 150mm以下的鏡頭為0號快門.
180mm和210mm鏡頭為1號快門.
240mm以上的鏡頭為3號快門.
Schneider Super Angulon XL 系列, 鏡頭的像場是最大的。
Schneider Super Symmar XL 系列鏡頭以其採用了非球面鏡片而聞名。
近攝鏡頭:
這一鏡頭由於採用了新的鏡片而增加了鏡頭邊緣的解像力, 施耐德的
Super Symmar High Modulation 就是這樣的鏡頭。
ex: Schneider Super Symmar HM 120mm F5.6 lens in Copal #0 (F5.6 ~ F64)
靜物:
Schneider 210mm f/5.6
older model: Symmar
newer model: Symmar S
more newer model: APO Symmar
newest model: Symmar L
1. Schneider Super Angulon 72mm XL: (濾鏡: 95mm)
一隻最適合拍攝建築的廣角, 可以最大限度移動, 用於4X5相機上的鏡頭應該是
施耐德的 Super Angulon 72mm XL. 鏡頭的焦距相當於135相機 20mm.
涵蓋面是 226mm, 攝影師可以上下左右移動 27mm. 這在建築攝影中已足夠了。
備註: 若未使用特製的 #4b center filter, 建議光圈為 f22.
I've been using a 72XL on an RW45 a fair bit recently and it works fine on a
standard board. It's a bit tight when cranking up the movements but does work.
Just remember to drop the bed, othewise you will end up with a nice picture of
the front of the camera on the bottom edge of your frame..
我最近在RW45上使用了72XL，在標準板上工作得很好。當開始動作有點緊,
但確實奏效。只要只記得放下床板，否則，你最終會在相機前方底部的邊緣拍攝
到一張很好的照片。
Product Highlights
- Professional-Quality Lens for 4x5
- Standard Copal #0 Shutter
- 115° Maximum Coverage
- 229mm Maximum Image Circle
- Uses 95mm Filters
- 75mm Rear Barrel
- Made in Germany
Schneider 72mm f/5.6 overview
The Schneider 72mm f/5.6 Super-Angulon XL Lens is a long-time professional's favorite for use as a wide angle lens for the 4x5 format. It provides an angle of view on 4x5 which is similar to a 19mm lens in the 35mm format, but with a very large image circle to allow creative control for the photographer-in fact, it has the largest image circle of any 72mm large format lens. The Super-Angulon XL lenses have extremely high correction of distortion, which is critical in architectural photography. Beyond the coverage, the lens' large f/5.6 maximum aperture helps to ease the difficulty of focusing the camera in poor light.
The 72mm Super-Angulon XL's 115° angle of coverage permits generous
shifts on the 4x5 format, particularly beneficial when capturing
buildings from ground level. With a maximum rear barrel diameter of
75mm, it can be used upon many field cameras, including those designed
around the Linhof Technika size lensboards.
The 72mm Super-Angulon XL uses 95mm filters, and for critical work with transparency film it is strongly recommended to use their dedicated #4b center filter.
The 72mm Super-Angulon XL uses 95mm filters, and for critical work with transparency film it is strongly recommended to use their dedicated #4b center filter.
- Extremely sharp ultra wide lens for professional results in the 4x5 format (can also be used upon 5x7 cameras)
- Excellent correction of perspective distortion
- Increased coverage to an extreme 115°
- Bright maximum aperture to allow easier focusing
- Largest image circle of any 72mm large format lens
- Maximum image circle of 229mm allows ±44mm of rise/fall/shift (in both vertical/horizontal composition) for 4x5 format
- Accepts 95mm filters
- Optional center filter for critical correction of light falloff when working with transparency films
- Standard-style Copal #0 shutter with calibrated aperture scale and maximum 1/500th speed
許多攝影師兵器庫中的 "至愛"
Product Highlights
- World's First Aspherical Large Format
- Extremely-High Resolution/Contrast
- Minimal Distortion
- Standard Copal #1 Shutter
- 105° Maximum Coverage
- 288mm Maximum Image Circle
- Uses 67mm or 52mm Filters
- Compact Size & Weight
- Compact 54mm Rear Barrel
- Made in Germany
Schneider 110mm f/5.6 overview
The Schneider 110mm f/5.6 Super-Symmar XL Lens is a professional wide angle lens for the 4x5 format, providing an angle of view on 4x5 which is similar to a 30mm lens in the 35mm format. For many, it is the ideal general use wide angle lens for large format, and this helps explain its scarcity in the secondhand market. The Super-Symmar XL lenses are the world's first aspherical lens design for large format, producing incredible peak sharpness with excellent correction for distortion and a small overall size. The 110mm f/5.6's very large image circle allows plenty of creative control for the photographer-in fact, it has the largest image circle of any 110mm large format lens. Beyond the coverage, the lens' large maximum aperture helps to ease the difficulty of focusing the camera in poor light.
The 110mm Super-Symmar XL's 105° angle of coverage permits a generous 76mm of all-direction shift on the 4x5 format, which is particularly beneficial when capturing a building from ground level. There are very few cameras, either field or view, which could offer enough displacement of the standards to challenge this lens' image circle limitations in 4x5. It can be mounted upon nearly view or field camera, thanks to its small 54mm diameter rear barrel which only extends 18.9mm behind the mount, allowing plenty of space between the rear of the barrel and the image plane for tilts and swings.
The 110mm Super-Symmar XL uses 67mm filters on the front, but can also use more compact 52mm filters upon the rear of the lens. For critical work with transparency film, it is recommended to use their dedicated #3b center filter.
The Schneider 110mm f/5.6 Super-Symmar XL Lens is a professional wide angle lens for the 4x5 format, providing an angle of view on 4x5 which is similar to a 30mm lens in the 35mm format. For many, it is the ideal general use wide angle lens for large format, and this helps explain its scarcity in the secondhand market. The Super-Symmar XL lenses are the world's first aspherical lens design for large format, producing incredible peak sharpness with excellent correction for distortion and a small overall size. The 110mm f/5.6's very large image circle allows plenty of creative control for the photographer-in fact, it has the largest image circle of any 110mm large format lens. Beyond the coverage, the lens' large maximum aperture helps to ease the difficulty of focusing the camera in poor light.
The 110mm Super-Symmar XL's 105° angle of coverage permits a generous 76mm of all-direction shift on the 4x5 format, which is particularly beneficial when capturing a building from ground level. There are very few cameras, either field or view, which could offer enough displacement of the standards to challenge this lens' image circle limitations in 4x5. It can be mounted upon nearly view or field camera, thanks to its small 54mm diameter rear barrel which only extends 18.9mm behind the mount, allowing plenty of space between the rear of the barrel and the image plane for tilts and swings.
The 110mm Super-Symmar XL uses 67mm filters on the front, but can also use more compact 52mm filters upon the rear of the lens. For critical work with transparency film, it is recommended to use their dedicated #3b center filter.
- Extremely sharp ultra wide lens for professional results in the 4x5 format (can also be used upon 5x7 cameras)
- World's first aspherical lens design series for large format
- Excellent correction of perspective distortion
- Increased coverage to an extreme 105°
- Bright maximum aperture allows easier focusing in subdued light
- Largest image circle of any 110mm large format lens
- Maximum image circle of 288mm allows ±76mm of rise/fall/shift (in both vertical/horizontal composition) for 4x5 format
- Accepts 67mm or 52mm filters
- Optional IIIb center filter for critical correction of light falloff when working with transparency films
- Standard-style Copal #1 shutter with calibrated aperture scale and maximum 1/400th speed
Product Highlights
- Professional-Quality Lens for 4x5 & 5x7
- Standard Copal #1 Shutter
- 75° Maximum Coverage
- 321mm Maximum Image Circle
- Uses 77mm Filters
- 80mm Rear Barrel
- Made in Germany
The Schneider 210mm f/5.6 Apo-Symmar L Lens
is a slightly-long, all-purpose large format lens which gives the
highest image reproduction quality possible in a broad range of
applications. This lens is for use with 4x5 cameras or 5x7 cameras, and
is ideal primary lens for those who prefer a somewhat longer focal
length as their standard lens; upon 4x5, it renders a field of view
similar to that of a 55mm lens upon a 35mm camera. The 75° angle of
coverage permits generous shifts on both the 4x5 and 5x7 formats, which
is very useful in architecture photography. It uses 77mm filters and has
an 80mm diameter rear barrel, so it can be used with field cameras such
as the Linhof Technika.
- Compact, extremely sharp slightly long lens for the 4x5 and 5x7 formats
- Increased coverage (to 75°) for the classic 6-element, 4-group optical design
- Bright ideal working aperture range of f/11-22 for shorter exposures and sharper outdoor images
- Maximum image circle of 321mm allows ±78mm of rise/fall/shift (in both vertical/horizontal composition) for 4x5 format
- Accepts 77mm filters
- Standard-style Copal #1 shutter with calibrated aperture scale and maximum 1/400th speed
C. EBONY RW45 INTRODUCTION:
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D. EBONY RW45 USER'S GUIDE:
PART NAMES: (部件名稱)
1. Accessory shoe 附件插座(熱靴)
2. Front standard 前置標準3. Alignment points indicating 對齊點指示
(front rise/fall zero position 前置 上升/下降 零位)
4. Lensboard slot 鏡頭板插槽
5. Hand strap 手腕帶
6. Sliding latch for lensboard 用於鏡頭板的滑動閂鎖
7. Front swing locking lever 前置擺動鎖定桿
(show in locked position 顯示在鎖定位置)
8. Focus lock knob 對焦鎖定旋鈕
9. Focus lock knob 對焦鎖定旋鈕
10. Camera bed 相機底座
11. Latch pin 鎖銷
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12. Film holder back 膠片持有背
13. Spring tab for focusing screen 用於調焦屏幕的彈簧標籤
14. Rear swing lock knob 後置擺動鎖定旋鈕
(one on each side 每邊一個)
15. Focusing frame release lever 對焦框釋放桿
16. Release latch for film holder back 膠片持有背的釋放閂鎖
17. Sliding latch for roll film holder 用於捲片夾的滑動閂鎖
18. Focusing frame 聚焦框架
19. Focusing screen 聚焦屏幕
20. Sliding latch for focusing hood 用於聚焦罩的滑動閂鎖
21. Tripod mounting plate 三腳架安裝板
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
22. Rear standard 後置標準
23. Rear center tilts knob 後置中心傾斜旋鈕
24. Rear base tilts knob 後置基座傾斜旋鈕
25. Rear base tilts arm 後置基座傾斜手臂
26. Focusing knob 調焦旋鈕
27. Latch to secure folded camera 折疊相機的保險閂鎖
28. Bellows 波紋管 (蛇腹, 皮腔, 伸縮軟管)
29. Front rise/fall arm 前置 升/降 臂
30. Front rise/fall knob 前置 升/降 旋鈕
31. Front center tilts knob 前置中心傾斜旋鈕
32. Front base tilts knob 前置基座傾斜旋鈕
33. Front base tilts arm 前置基座傾斜手臂
34. Focusing knob 調焦旋鈕
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HOW TO ADJUST THE MOVEMENTS:
(a) Front Rise/Fall (前置 升/降)
Loosen knob 30, and while holding it raise or lower front standard.
鬆開旋鈕30，按住的同時升高或下降前置標準。
(b) Center Tilts (中心傾斜)
Front: Loosen knob 31, and holding lower part of front standard,
push forward or push back.
前置: 鬆開旋鈕31，並握住前置標準的下部，向前推或推回。
Rear: Loosen knob 23, and holding lower part of rear standard,
push forward or push back.
後置: 鬆開旋鈕23，並握住後置標準的下部，向前推或推回。
(c) Base Tilts (基座傾斜)
Front: Loosen knob 32, then release from notch in front base tilts arm(33).
前置: 鬆開旋鈕32，然後從前置基座傾斜手臂(33)的凹槽中釋放。
Rear: Loosen knob 24, then release from notch in rear base tilts arm(25).
後置: 鬆開旋鈕24，然後從後置基座傾斜手臂(25)的凹槽中釋放。
(d) Swings (搖擺)
Front: Unlock front locking lever(7), then swing front standard.
前置: 解鎖前置鎖定桿（7），然後擺動前置標準。
Rear: Unlock rear locking knobs(14), then swing rear standard.
後置: 解鎖後置鎖定旋鈕（14），然後擺動後置標準。
Points to remember: (要記住的要點)
(1) After making each adjustment, be sure to retighten the knobs or lever.
If two pairs of knobs are loose at the same time, particularly 23 and 24,
the camera becomes difficult to handle.
進行每次調整後，請務必擰緊旋鈕或手桿。
如果兩對旋鈕同時鬆動，特別是23和24，相機變得難以處理。
(2) Loosen lock knob 9 before using focusing knob 34,
and lock knob 8 before using focusing knob 26. Tighten again afterwards.
p.s. To install/remove focusing frame(18), pull focusing frame release lever(15).
在使用調焦旋鈕34之前鬆開鎖定旋鈕9, 並在使用調焦旋鈕26之前鎖定旋鈕8。
之後再擰緊。
備註: 要安裝/拆卸調焦架（18），請拉動調焦架釋放桿（15）
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
為了最大限度地延長, 使用基座和中心傾斜在前置和後置。
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Wide-angle lenses may be used without bed drop.
使用廣角鏡頭有可能不需要降下相機底座。
p.s. Wide-angle configuration, using base tilts and center tilts as depicted above,
required for 90mm lenses or shorter
備註: 廣角配置，90mm 或更短的鏡頭所需: 使用如上所描述的將基座傾斜和中心傾斜。
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 使用廣角鏡頭有可能不需要降下相機底座。
p.s. Wide-angle configuration, using base tilts and center tilts as depicted above,
required for 90mm lenses or shorter
備註: 廣角配置，90mm 或更短的鏡頭所需: 使用如上所描述的將基座傾斜和中心傾斜。
OPENING AND CLOSING RW45 CAMERAS
Please follow these instructions to avoid damaging the bellows.
The procedure is easier if the camera is placed on a tripod.
請按照這些說明來避免損壞波紋管。
如果將相機放在三腳架上，步驟會更簡單。
1. Lock both rear swing lock knobs(14).
鎖定後置擺動鎖定旋鈕(14) ( 每邊一個)
2. Squeeze camera and release latch(27) from pin.
擠壓照相機並釋放保險閂鎖（27）
3. Pull up rear standard(22) until vertical.
Rear base tilts knobs(24) should enter notches in rear base tilts arms(25).
Tighten rear base tilts knobs(24).
拉起後置標準（22）直到垂直。
後置基座傾斜旋鈕（24）應進入後置基座的凹槽，使手臂（25）傾斜。
擰緊後置基座傾斜旋鈕（24）。
4. Pull up front standard(2) with front rise/fall knobs(30) until it reaches maximum rise.
用前置的上升/下降旋鈕（30）拉起前置的標準（2），直到達到最大上升。
5. Lower front standard(2) until point on right front rise/fall arm(29)
and point on right of front standard are aligned(rise/fall zero position)
降低前置標準（2）直至指向右邊前置 升/降 手臂（29）
與指向前置標準的右側是對齊的（上升/下降 零位 p.s. 紅點與金屬點）
6. Tighten front rise/fall knobs(30).
Front base tilts knobs(32) should enter notches in front base tilts arms(33).
Tighten front base tilts knobs(32).
擰緊前置上升/下降旋鈕（30）。
前置基座傾斜旋鈕（32）應該進入前置基座上的凹槽，使手臂（33）傾斜。
擰緊前置基座傾斜旋鈕（32）。
To close: (關閉)
1. Ensure that all movements are returned to zero position,
and front center tilts knobs(31) are tightened.
確保所有動作都返回到零位,
並且前置中心傾斜旋鈕（31）被擰緊。
2. Loosen front base tilts knobs(32), then front rise/fall knobs(30).
鬆開前置基座傾斜旋鈕（32），然後鬆開前置 上升/下降 旋鈕（30）。
3. Pull front standard(2) up to maximum rise with front rise/fall knobs(30).
使用前置 上升/下降 旋鈕（30）將前置標準（2）拉至最大上升。
4. Pull front standard(2) backwards using front rise/fall knobs(30).
While doing this ensure that front standard remains at maximum rise.
It will tilts towards the camera bed(10) as it compresses the bellows(28).
使用前置 上升/下降 旋鈕（30）向後拉前置標準（2）。
這樣做可以確保前置標准保持在最大上升。
當它壓縮波紋管（28）時，它會向相機底座（10）傾斜。
5. Push front standard(2) down until it almost touches camera bed(10).
Front base tilts arms(33) should rest comfortably between
front rize/fall arms(29) and front rise/fall knobs(30).
向下推前置標準（2），直至其幾乎接觸到相機底座（10）。
前置基座傾斜手臂（33）應當舒適地放置在
前置 升/降 手臂（29）和前置 升/降 旋鈕（30）之間。
6. Loosen rear base tilts knobs(24).
Free them from notches in rear base tilts arms(25).
Push camera body down into closed position.
鬆開後置傾基座斜旋鈕（24）。
將它們從後置基座傾斜手臂（25）上的凹槽中釋放。
將相機機身向下推入關閉位置。
7. Squeeze camera shut and secure latch(27) to pin.
擠壓相機, 關閉並鎖定保險閂鎖（27）。
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E. 其他:
Photography Equipment:
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