藥典: Phenidone(菲尼敦)
since: 2018/08/12
update: 2018/08/12
reference:
1. The Darkroom Cookbook 4th Edition
2. 照相顯影劑 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書
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Phenidone(菲尼敦)(p.209)
Formulas: 1-Phenyl-3-pyrazolidone; 1-Phenyl-3-pyrazilidinone.
配方：1-苯基-3-吡唑烷酮;1-苯基-3- pyrazilidinone。
Trade Name(商品名): Fotodone(Mallinckrodt), Graphidone.
Appearance: White to slightly yellowish powder; colorless crystals.
外觀：白色至微黃色粉末; 無色晶體。
Uses:(用途)
As a hypoallergenic developing agent(this means it is unlikely to cause dermatitis) that can be substituted for metol.
作為低過敏性顯影劑（這意味著它不太可能引起皮炎）可以替代 metol。
Sufferers of metol poisoning can often use Phenidone-based developers without ill effects.
metol中毒的患者通常可以使用基於 Phenidone 的開發者而沒有不良影響。
Notes:(筆記)
Phenidone is sparingly soluble in cold water and moderately in hot and can require temperatures of 175F/80C to dissolve.
Phenidone在冷水中微溶，適度在熱水中，可能需要175°F / 80℃的溫度才能溶解。
It is readily soluble in both aqueous acids and alkali, including solutions of alkali bisulfites and carbonates, so that it can easily be incorporated into a develper solution.它易溶於含水酸和鹼，包括鹼金屬亞硫酸氫鹽和碳酸鹽的溶液，因此它可以很容易地摻入顯影溶液中。
Used alone in sodium carbonate/sulfite solutions, it is very fast but extremely soft working and is only capable of producing negatives of low contrast.
單獨使用在碳酸鈉/亞硫酸鈉溶液中，它非常快但非常柔軟，並且僅能產生低對比度的負片。
In combination with hydroquinone it produces developers with superadditivity that are even more efficient than MQ developers.與對苯二酚結合使用，它可以生成具有超可加性的開發人員，甚至比MQ開發人員更高效。
Phenidone-based developers keep better than those on metol.
基於Phenidone的開發者比使用metol的開發者保持更好。
The reason is the oxidation product of Phenidone is more efficiently regenerated by hydroquinone than is metol.原因是與對甲酚相比，對苯二酚的氧化產物更有效地再生。
Additionally, while the first oxidation product of hydroquinone, mono-sulphonate, forms an almost inert system with metol, it has a superadditive effect with Phenidone, increasung developing power.
另外，對苯二酚的第一氧化產物: 單磺酸鹽, 與 metol 形成一個幾乎惰性的系統.它對 Phenidone 有一種超加性作用, 增加了顯影的能力.
Because very small amounts of Phenidone are required, it is often desirable to use a percentage solution.
因為需要非常少量的Phenidone，所以通常需要使用百分比溶液。
A concentrate of Phenidone, containing a preservative, can be made as follows:
含有防腐劑的Phenidone濃縮物可以如下製備：
Water at 125F/52C, 750.0ml
Sodium bisulfite(亞硫酸氫鈉), 6.0g
Phenidone, 2.0 g
Cold water to make 1.0 liter
100.0ml of the concentrate contains 0.2 grams of Phenidone.
100.0ml濃縮物含有0.2克Phenidone。
The preservative will have no appreciable effect on any developing formula.
防腐劑對任何顯影配方都沒有明顯的影響。
Alternately, a 5% concentration can be made using methyl hydrate instead of water, but it does not keep.
或者，可以使用甲醇代替水來製備5％的濃度，但是它不能保持。
Substitutions: Phenidone can be substituted for metol.
取代：Phenidone 可以代替 metol。
There is evidence that as a substitute for metol it cause a true increase in film speed.
有證據表明，作為 metol 的替代品，它會導致膠片速度的真正增加。
Try substituting approximately 10% of the amount of Phenidone for the amount of metol required.
嘗試用大約10％的 Phenidone 代替所需的 metol 量。
Phenidone should not be used as a substitute in developers in which metol is the sole developing agent, such as Kodak D-23 and D-25.
在metol是唯一的顯影劑，如Kodak D-23和D-25的顯影劑中，不應使用Phenidone作為替代品。
update: 2018/08/12
reference:
1. The Darkroom Cookbook 4th Edition
2. 照相顯影劑 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書
Phenidone(菲尼敦)(p.209)
Formulas: 1-Phenyl-3-pyrazolidone; 1-Phenyl-3-pyrazilidinone.
配方：1-苯基-3-吡唑烷酮;1-苯基-3- pyrazilidinone。
Trade Name(商品名): Fotodone(Mallinckrodt), Graphidone.
Appearance: White to slightly yellowish powder; colorless crystals.
外觀：白色至微黃色粉末; 無色晶體。
Uses:(用途)
As a hypoallergenic developing agent(this means it is unlikely to cause dermatitis) that can be substituted for metol.
作為低過敏性顯影劑（這意味著它不太可能引起皮炎）可以替代 metol。
Sufferers of metol poisoning can often use Phenidone-based developers without ill effects.
metol中毒的患者通常可以使用基於 Phenidone 的開發者而沒有不良影響。
Notes:(筆記)
Phenidone is sparingly soluble in cold water and moderately in hot and can require temperatures of 175F/80C to dissolve.
Phenidone在冷水中微溶，適度在熱水中，可能需要175°F / 80℃的溫度才能溶解。
It is readily soluble in both aqueous acids and alkali, including solutions of alkali bisulfites and carbonates, so that it can easily be incorporated into a develper solution.它易溶於含水酸和鹼，包括鹼金屬亞硫酸氫鹽和碳酸鹽的溶液，因此它可以很容易地摻入顯影溶液中。
Used alone in sodium carbonate/sulfite solutions, it is very fast but extremely soft working and is only capable of producing negatives of low contrast.
單獨使用在碳酸鈉/亞硫酸鈉溶液中，它非常快但非常柔軟，並且僅能產生低對比度的負片。
In combination with hydroquinone it produces developers with superadditivity that are even more efficient than MQ developers.與對苯二酚結合使用，它可以生成具有超可加性的開發人員，甚至比MQ開發人員更高效。
Phenidone-based developers keep better than those on metol.
基於Phenidone的開發者比使用metol的開發者保持更好。
The reason is the oxidation product of Phenidone is more efficiently regenerated by hydroquinone than is metol.原因是與對甲酚相比，對苯二酚的氧化產物更有效地再生。
Additionally, while the first oxidation product of hydroquinone, mono-sulphonate, forms an almost inert system with metol, it has a superadditive effect with Phenidone, increasung developing power.
另外，對苯二酚的第一氧化產物: 單磺酸鹽, 與 metol 形成一個幾乎惰性的系統.它對 Phenidone 有一種超加性作用, 增加了顯影的能力.
Because very small amounts of Phenidone are required, it is often desirable to use a percentage solution.
因為需要非常少量的Phenidone，所以通常需要使用百分比溶液。
A concentrate of Phenidone, containing a preservative, can be made as follows:
含有防腐劑的Phenidone濃縮物可以如下製備：
Water at 125F/52C, 750.0ml
Sodium bisulfite(亞硫酸氫鈉), 6.0g
Phenidone, 2.0 g
Cold water to make 1.0 liter
100.0ml of the concentrate contains 0.2 grams of Phenidone.
100.0ml濃縮物含有0.2克Phenidone。
The preservative will have no appreciable effect on any developing formula.
防腐劑對任何顯影配方都沒有明顯的影響。
Alternately, a 5% concentration can be made using methyl hydrate instead of water, but it does not keep.
或者，可以使用甲醇代替水來製備5％的濃度，但是它不能保持。
Substitutions: Phenidone can be substituted for metol.
取代：Phenidone 可以代替 metol。
There is evidence that as a substitute for metol it cause a true increase in film speed.
有證據表明，作為 metol 的替代品，它會導致膠片速度的真正增加。
Try substituting approximately 10% of the amount of Phenidone for the amount of metol required.
嘗試用大約10％的 Phenidone 代替所需的 metol 量。
Phenidone should not be used as a substitute in developers in which metol is the sole developing agent, such as Kodak D-23 and D-25.
在metol是唯一的顯影劑，如Kodak D-23和D-25的顯影劑中，不應使用Phenidone作為替代品。
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